{"id":4834,"date":"2013-12-03T23:45:14","date_gmt":"2013-12-04T04:45:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/?p=4834"},"modified":"2013-12-05T12:04:41","modified_gmt":"2013-12-05T17:04:41","slug":"holly-leaves","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/?p=4834","title":{"rendered":"Holly Leaves"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_4836\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/img_20131203_073075.jpg\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4836\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/img_20131203_073075-350x233.jpg\" alt=\"Holly Leaves\" width=\"350\" height=\"233\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-4836\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/img_20131203_073075-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/img_20131203_073075-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/img_20131203_073075-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/img_20131203_073075-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/img_20131203_073075.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-4836\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Holly Leaves<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The American holly, <em>Ilex opaca<\/em>, is endemic to the eastern United States. It is a broadleaved, evergreen tree growing to as much as 65 feet tall. As do many hollies, the leaves of the American holly have spines around their rim. The consensus is that they are a deterrent to herbivores (predominately ungulates). One paper by J. R. Obeso in 1996 concludes that the absence of browsing ungulates during a one year period significantly decreased the spinescence of leaves in the subsequent year. I like the word &#x201c;spinescence.&#x201d;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The American holly, Ilex opaca, is endemic to the eastern United States. It is a broadleaved, evergreen tree growing to as much as 65 feet tall. As do many hollies, the leaves of the American holly have spines around their rim. The consensus is that they are a deterrent to herbivores (predominately ungulates). One paper &hellip; <a class=\"read-excerpt\" href=\"https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/?p=4834\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&raquo;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4834"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4834"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4834\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4837,"href":"https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4834\/revisions\/4837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4834"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4834"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.henryhartley.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4834"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}